How to Clean a Vacuum Cleaner: Keep It Performing Like New

A vacuum cleaner that isn't maintained loses suction, spreads allergens, and eventually breaks down. Regular cleaning keeps it performing at full power and extends its lifespan significantly. This guide covers how to clean every part of a vacuum cleaner — from the dustbin to the brush roll.

What You'll Need

• Replacement Filters for Shark Navigator (2+4 Pack) — HEPA and foam filters need regular replacement to maintain suction and filtration
• Amazon Basics Microfiber Cleaning Cloths (24-pack) — for wiping the exterior and attachments
• MED PRIDE Alcohol Prep Pads — for disinfecting the dustbin and attachments
• Scissors or seam ripper (for cutting tangled hair from the brush roll)
• Mild dish soap and warm water
• Small brush or old toothbrush

How Often Should You Clean Your Vacuum?

• After every use: Empty the dustbin
• Monthly: Clean the brush roll, wipe the exterior, check filters
• Every 3 months: Wash filters (if washable) or replace
• Every 6–12 months: Replace HEPA filter regardless of appearance

Step 1: Empty and Clean the Dustbin

1. Empty the dustbin after every use — a full bin dramatically reduces suction
2. Remove the dustbin from the vacuum
3. Empty over a trash can; tap gently to dislodge stuck debris
4. Wash the dustbin with warm water and a drop of dish soap monthly
5. Rinse thoroughly and allow to dry completely before reattaching — never reattach a damp dustbin
6. Wipe the inside with a MED PRIDE Alcohol Prep Pad for disinfection

Step 2: Clean the Brush Roll

The brush roll is the most important part to maintain — tangled hair and debris reduce its effectiveness and can burn out the motor:

1. Remove the brush roll according to your vacuum's manual (usually a panel on the bottom)
2. Use scissors or a seam ripper to cut through tangled hair and threads — cut along the length of the roll and pull the hair free
3. Remove all debris from the bristles with your fingers or a small brush
4. Wipe the brush roll with a damp cloth
5. Check the brush roll bearings at each end — remove any hair wrapped around them
6. Allow to dry completely before reinstalling

Step 3: Clean or Replace the Filters

Clogged filters are the most common cause of reduced suction:

Washable Foam/Felt Filters

1. Remove filters according to your vacuum's manual
2. Tap gently over a trash can to remove loose dust
3. Rinse under cold water until water runs clear — never use soap on foam filters
4. Squeeze gently — never wring or twist
5. Allow to air dry completely for at least 24 hours before reinstalling — a damp filter damages the motor

HEPA Filters

HEPA filters in vacuums like the Shark Navigator should be replaced every 6–12 months regardless of appearance. The replacement filter pack (2+4 Pack) includes both HEPA and foam filters to keep your Shark Navigator performing at full capacity.

Step 4: Clean the Hose and Attachments

1. Check the hose for blockages by looking through it toward a light source
2. For blockages, use a broom handle to push through from one end
3. Wash attachments (crevice tool, upholstery brush) with warm soapy water
4. Rinse and allow to dry completely before use
5. Wipe the hose exterior with a damp microfiber cloth

Step 5: Wipe the Exterior

Wipe the entire vacuum exterior with a damp microfiber cloth. Use an alcohol prep pad on the handle and any high-touch areas. Check the wheels for tangled hair and remove.

Signs Your Vacuum Needs Cleaning Now

• Reduced suction despite an empty bin
• Musty or burning smell during use
• Brush roll not spinning or spinning slowly
• Visible debris being left behind on the floor
• Increased allergy symptoms after vacuuming (sign of clogged HEPA filter)

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I unclog a vacuum cleaner?

Check the dustbin (empty if full), then the hose (look through toward light), then the brush roll (remove tangled hair). Most vacuum clogs are in one of these three locations. See our dedicated guide on how to unclog a vacuum cleaner for detailed steps.

Can I wash vacuum filters in the dishwasher?

No — dishwasher heat and detergent damage vacuum filters. Rinse foam and felt filters under cold water only, without soap. HEPA filters should not be washed at all — replace them on schedule.

How do I get rid of the smell from my vacuum?

Vacuum odors come from the dustbin, filters, or brush roll. Empty and wash the dustbin, clean the brush roll thoroughly, and replace or wash the filters. Sprinkling a small amount of baking soda on the floor before vacuuming can also help neutralize odors inside the vacuum.